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H I S T O R Y' S W O M E N
Inspirational Stories of Women Who Made a Difference!
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April 30, 2003
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Hello and welcome to History's Women!
In honor of Mother's Day we are running another Amazing Mom
biography. Today we will look at the life of Susannah Wesley.
We had a great response to our latest ebook, "The Hand that Rocks,
Rules! Recognizing the Spiritual Power of Motherhood". Get your
copy for the pre-sale order price of $2.95 by using our special order
form at: https://www.pcpublications.org/hw/specialbookorder.html
Also - this is the last week for the current "Tell-A-Friend"
Contest,
so be sure to enter today! The winner will be announced next week
and a new contest started.
Until Next Time,
Patti
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TELL-A-FRIEND CONTEST
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every three referrals you will be entered into our monthly tell-a-friend
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IN THIS ISSUE:
Amazing Moms
Memorable Quote
Women's History Trivia
Women in Business
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AMAZING MOMS
Susannah Wesley
Mother of Methodism
1669-1742
Though Susannah Wesley's place in Christian History is based on
what her sons accomplished, it could be said that it was her influence
and example that helped them to accomplish the things they did. From
her loving home came a son, John Wesley, who would experience a
spiritual awakening and change the course of English history by
initiating a nation-wide revival. Another of her sons, Charles, is
remembered for his over 9,000 hymns that have brought pleasure to
the Church for many years. In fact, it could be said that the Methodist
movement had its very foundations formed in the home of Susannah
Wesley. It was the courageous, tenacious faith of this Bible-believing
woman that gave Christendom two of the most important figures of the
18 century.
Susannah bore 19 children in 21 years, with nine of them dying before
the age of two. She had a very large family to raise and educate while
she carried on all her other household responsibilities. In order to do
all this effectively, Susannah established a definite routine for her
household and family, aiming to help each child learn, mature, and
develop Christian character. While she could be stern, Susannah
tempered her sternness with kindness.
She spent six hours each day homeschooling her children. One of her
teaching methods was to write several manuals on Christian doctrine
for her children such as A Manual of Doctrine, And Exposition of the
Apostle's Creed, and An Exposition of the 10 Commandments. All the
time she spent reading, studying, and thinking bore fruit in her
children.
While Susannah took the education of her children seriously, she took
her role as a spiritual mentor even more so. She wanted to be certain
that her children had a deep understanding of Christianity and of life.
And she struggled to understand each of them as individuals.
She gave each child individual attention by purposely setting aside a
regular time for each of them. In fact, she dedicated one hour a week
to each child, which was no small task. She wanted to influence each
one of them as an individual and make sure that each one knew the
Lord and were growing in their faith. To do that she had to know
them. To know them, she needed to invest the time. She reaped great
rewards.
Let me share with you one of her finest "Mother Moments." One
day
one of her daughters wished to do something which was not altogether
bad, but which was not right. When she was told not to do it, she was
not convinced.
It was late and she and her mother were sitting beside a dead fire. Her
mother said to her: "Pick up that bit of coal." "I don't
want to," said the
girl. "Go on," said her mother. "The fire is out, it won't
burn you." "I
know that," said the girl. "I know it won't burn me but it will
blacken
my hands." "Exactly," said Susannah Wesley. "That
thing which you
wish to do won't burn, but it will blacken. Leave it alone."
That kind of parenting takes time. Susannah was willing to invest the
time. Susannah also left a legacy to her children through letters. She
believed that her role as mother did not end when her children left
home, but continued to teach them and advise them through their
correspondence. She wrote many letters to her children encouraging
them to follow God wherever He may lead.
Susannah's best legacy was indeed her children, especially her son
John. It was in her home that he acquired the focused leadership that
would empower and inspire him to become the man rocked English
history in the 18th century.
~*~
An excerpt from "The Hand That Rocks the Cradle Rules!
Recognizing the Spiritual Power of Motherhood" by Patricia
Chadwick, PC Publications, 2003. To purchase an ebook copy at the
pre-sale price of $2.95 use our special order form at:
https://www.pcpublications.org/hw/specialbookorder.html
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MEMORABLE QUOTE
"You, O Lord, have called us to watch and pray. Therefore, whatever
may be the sin against which we pray, make us careful to watch
against it, and so have reason to expect that our prayers will be
answered. In order to perform this duty aright, grant us grace to
preserve a sober, equal temper, and sincerity to pray for your
assistance. Amen."
-Susannah Wesley
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HISTORY'S WOMEN TRIVIA
1. Who was the women most noted for the institution of
Mother's Dad as a national holiday in the United States?
Ann Jarvis. To read more about her and the founding of
Mother's Day visit:
http://www.historyswomen.com/mothersday.html
2. Who was the woman who created the "Star Spangled Banner",
the flag that Francis Scott Key based the U.S.A. National
Anthem on?
Mary Young Pickersgill. To read more about Mary visit:
http://www.historyswomen.com/MaryYoungPickersgill.html
3. Who was the first noted woman scientist.
Maria Mitchell. To read more about Maria visit:
http://www.historyswomen.com/MariaMitchell.html
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WOMEN IN BUSINESS
HENRIETTA LARSON
(1894-1983)
By Carolyn Nitz
What was necessary in the early 1900's for a young girl to go from a
small-town in Minnesota to the faculty of one of the finest universities
in the world? The life of Henrietta Larson, the first woman promoted
to full professor at the Harvard School of Business Administration and
a pioneer in the field of business history, might give us some clues.
Henrietta was born in Preston, Minnesota on September 24, 1894 to a
family that included four daughters and one son. Her parents, both
children of Norwegian immigrants and devout Lutherans, valued hard
work, perseverance and education. It was assumed that all five
children would to go college. When asked why he wanted his
daughters to attend college, even though they would probably get
married and have children, H.O. Larson replied that it was even more
important for women to be educated than men, because women raised
the children. True to her parents' values, Henrietta earned a bachelor's
degree from St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota, and master's
and doctoral degrees from Columbia University in New York City.
After completing her formal education, Henrietta taught for a year at
Bethany College in Lindsborg, Kansas. Then she applied for a position
at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. The university president
said that she would be hired if no man could be found to fill the
position. It was Cardondale's good fortune that Henrietta was
ultimately offered the job, because she was the only Ph.D. on the
faculty. The chair of the history department, whose education had
ended after the eighth grade, failed to see the importance of Henrietta's
use of essay exams or research papers in her teaching. His students
always earned passing grades. By the end of her first semester at
Carbondale, Henrietta had failed twenty percent of her students! She
expected to lose her job, but the university president saw the value of
her methods. In addition to teaching duties, Henrietta was given
administrative responsibilities to help raise teaching standards for the
whole university.
During her second year at Carbondale, Henrietta was contacted by
Norman S.B. Gras, one of her graduate school professors. Dr. Gras
was now at the Harvard School of Business Administration, where he
held the first chair in the nation in business history. He asked Henrietta
to come to Harvard as his research assistant, help him establish the
field of business history, and develop study and research materials.
Henrietta gave a lot of though to this offer. Several factors weighed
against it. She would have to leave the Midwest, give up teaching, and
accept a pay cut of one-third. The challenges and opportunities were
too great to ignore, however, so in 1928, Henrietta headed for Harvard.
Because of Harvard's policy toward women, Henrietta was not able to
teach, but she supervised master's and doctoral students and lectured
occasionally in addition to her research work. In the 1950's, she taught
business history, although it had to be done under the name of a young
man on the faculty. In 1961, a year before her retirement, Henrietta
was promoted to full professor. She was the first woman at the
Business School to achieve this rank, and only the fourth woman in
Harvard's history to do so.
During her thirty-four years at Harvard, Henrietta's devotion to
scholarly integrity and impartiality did an enormous amount to
establish business history as an accepted field of study. One of the
crown jewels of her career was in helping to write the first analytical
history of a major American corporation, Standard Oil of New Jersey.
When she knew that enough company records were available and that
their work would not be censored, Henrietta and a team of scholars
began the project. Many years of hard work resulted in a multivolume
set of books chronicling the history of Standard Oil of New Jersey.
This work was praised by business historians for its critical, analytical
approach which placed a major corporation in its historical context.
Because of her impartiality and integrity, Henrietta was known to
criticize scholars who she felt molded history to fit their own
philosophies. She spoke and wrote of the need to look at all sides of
an
issue and to think clearly: "As for our thought, if it is to deal
with the
complex problems that press upon us, it must be able to deal with
realities, and to make judgments about them in the light of values that
are important and enduring."
Regarding the role of the business historian, she wrote, "What we
have
done is . . . to put business in its broader political and cultural setting.
.. We are not out to defend business, but to try to do an impartial,
scholarly investigation of an important American institution."
Retirement from Harvard in 1962 did not mean an end to Henrietta's
career. She finished work on the Standard Oil project, edited
manuscripts for the series of books called Harvard Studies in Business
History, and spent six months in India as a consulting business
historian. Along the way, she received many awards and honors which
recognized the excellence of her work. The Distinguished Service
Award which the Harvard Business School presented to her in 1979
stated, "This gallant lady's enduring self-reliance and quiet willingness
to work with others has prospered the cause of business history at
Harvard and across the civilized world."
The life of Henrietta
Larson is a chronicle of hard work, perseverance,
and a sense of confidence in her own worth. These elements, provided
by her upbringing and her own efforts, helped her succeed in an
occupation dominated by men, make lasting contributions to the field
of business history, and help forge a pathway for women in higher
education.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
"The Larson Sisters: Three Careers in Contrast," by Carol Jenson,
in
Women of Minnesota, Selected Biographical Essays, edited by
Barbara Stuhler and Gretchen Kreuter
"Henrietta Larson, An Appreciation," by Ralph W. & Muriel
E. Hidy,
in The Business History Review, Vol. 36, No. 1, Spring 1962
Minneapolis Star Tribune, Thursday, September 1, 1983
Newsweek, January 2, 1961
Minneapolis Sunday Tribune, November 17, 1963
Conversations with Emilie Larson, Northfield, Minnesota,
niece of Henrietta Larson
~*~
The author of this article, Carolyn Nitz, is a freelance writer and works
at the Center for Lifelong Learning at St. Olaf College in Northfield,
Minnesota. She holds a B.A. in history from St. Olaf, a master's degree
in education from Harvard University, and is certified as a Montessori
teacher.
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History's Women Newsletter is for informational purposes only.
Patricia Chadwick in no event is to be liable for any damages
whatsoever resulting from any action arising in connection with the
use of this information or its publication, including any action for
infringement of copyright or defamation.
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History's Women is a free weekly newsletter for those interested in
inspirational stories of women who made a difference in their world.
The content of this newsletter is copyrighted by Patricia Chadwick
(c)2003 unless indicated otherwise. All rights reserved worldwide.
Reprint only with permission from copyright holder(s).
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Patricia R. Chadwick
Founder & Publisher
History's Women
A magazine highlighting the extraordinary achievements of women
throughout history.
http://www.historyswomen.com
mail to: info@historyswomen.com
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